Terms to Know
1. Comprehensible input= is what the teacher gives the students. In order for the input to be considered comprehensible, the student needs to understand what is being said and/or given.
2. Language learning= learning to use a lanugage versus Language acquisition= process by which humans a process by which humans acquire the capcity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate.
3. Affective Filter= This suggests that when learners are bored, angry, frustrated, nervous, unmotivated or stressed, they may be unsuccessful at learning a second language.
4. Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)= It is the basic language ability required for face-to-face communication where linguistic interactions are embedded in a situational context called context-embedded language.
5. Cognitive/Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)= is the language ability required for academic achievement in a context-reduced environment (classroom lectures and textbook reading assignments).
6. Biliteracy= Biliteracy is the ability to effectively communicate or understand written thoughts and ideas through the grammatical systems, vocabularies, and written symbols of two different languages.
7. How long does it take to learn English? Depending on age, the student, and practice to be fluent in English is about 5 years.
8. Limited English Proficiency (LEP)= is the term used by the federal government, most states, and local school districts to identify those students who have insufficient English to succeed in English-only classrooms.
9. English Language Learner (ELL)= Students whose first language is not English and who are in the process of learning English.
10. English as a foreign language (EFL)= English as a second language is the use or study of English by speakers with different native languages.
11. English as a Second Language (ESL)= is an educational approach in which English language learners are instructed in the use of the English language. Their instruction is based on a special curriculum that typically involves little or no use of the native language, focuses on language (as opposed to content) and is usually taught during specific school periods.
12. English Language Proficiency (ELP) Assessment= a test for English Language Learners to see how proficient they are in the english language.
13. English Language Proficiency (ELP) Standards= There are five ELP standards that are identical for the classroom and large- scale state assessment frameworks. They reflect the social and academic dimensions of acquiring a second language that are expected of English language learners in grade levels K-12 attending schools in the United States.
14. Bilingual= ability to use two languages
15. Generation 1.5 students= graduated highschool students who are still learning English when entering college
16. Non-English Proficient Student (NEP)= Student who does not speak much English or understand it.
17. Heritage Language= incompletely acquired versions of languages spoken at home but not spoken in the wider community
18. Comprehensible output= hypothesis states that learning takes place when a learner encounters a gap in his or her linguistic knowledge of the second language
19. Culture Shock= the feeling of disorientation experienced by someone who is suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture, way of life, or set of attitudes.
20. Parachute Kids= Children sent to a new country to live alone or with a caregiver while their parents remain in their home country.
21. Title III= is a United States federal grant program to improve education
22. L1= a person's native language
23. L2= a person's second language
24. Proxemics= The study of spatial distances between individuals in different cultures and situations
25. Dual-Language Programs= is a bilingual educational program integrating English Language Learners and English-speaking students for instruction in and through two languages
26. Sheltered English Instruction (SEI)= is an approach to teaching English language learners which integrates language and content instruction
27. Silent Period= is a stage in second language acquisition where learners do not attempt to speak
28. Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP)= provides access to mainstream, grade-level content, and promotes the development of English language proficiency
29. Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA)= ) is an instructional model that was developed to meet the academic needs of students learning English as a second language in American schools
30. Accommodation= is a change that helps a student overcome or work around a disability
31. Ancestral Language= original version of a language that was used by ancestors
32. Pullout ESL Programs= remove students from mainstream classrooms for a portion of the day in order to give them specialized instruction in English
33. Collaborative ESL Programs= the ESL teacher collaborates with general education teacher
34. Content Based ESL Instruction= is a method that integrates English-as-a-second-language instruction with subject matter instruction
35. Total Physical Response= is based on the theory that the memory is enhanced through association with physical movement
36. Language Experience Approach= is a whole language approach that promotes reading and writing through the use of personal experiences and oral language
37. Early Exit or Transitional Bilingual Programs= utilize students' native languages for the purposes of early reading instruction and clarification
38. Developmental Bilingual Educational Programs= aims to preserve and build on students' native language skills as they master English
39. Dual-Language or Immersion Programs= a form of education in which students are taught literacy and content in two languages
40. English Language Monolingual Program= students that are in a classroom who share a common mother tongue
41. English Language Monolingual plus ESL Program= students that speak English as a second language who are in a classroom full of students who share a common mother tongue
42. Self Contained ESL= ELL students are grouped together for their core subjects, but have the opportunity to interact with other students in music, art, physical education, library and lunch
2. Language learning= learning to use a lanugage versus Language acquisition= process by which humans a process by which humans acquire the capcity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate.
3. Affective Filter= This suggests that when learners are bored, angry, frustrated, nervous, unmotivated or stressed, they may be unsuccessful at learning a second language.
4. Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS)= It is the basic language ability required for face-to-face communication where linguistic interactions are embedded in a situational context called context-embedded language.
5. Cognitive/Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)= is the language ability required for academic achievement in a context-reduced environment (classroom lectures and textbook reading assignments).
6. Biliteracy= Biliteracy is the ability to effectively communicate or understand written thoughts and ideas through the grammatical systems, vocabularies, and written symbols of two different languages.
7. How long does it take to learn English? Depending on age, the student, and practice to be fluent in English is about 5 years.
8. Limited English Proficiency (LEP)= is the term used by the federal government, most states, and local school districts to identify those students who have insufficient English to succeed in English-only classrooms.
9. English Language Learner (ELL)= Students whose first language is not English and who are in the process of learning English.
10. English as a foreign language (EFL)= English as a second language is the use or study of English by speakers with different native languages.
11. English as a Second Language (ESL)= is an educational approach in which English language learners are instructed in the use of the English language. Their instruction is based on a special curriculum that typically involves little or no use of the native language, focuses on language (as opposed to content) and is usually taught during specific school periods.
12. English Language Proficiency (ELP) Assessment= a test for English Language Learners to see how proficient they are in the english language.
13. English Language Proficiency (ELP) Standards= There are five ELP standards that are identical for the classroom and large- scale state assessment frameworks. They reflect the social and academic dimensions of acquiring a second language that are expected of English language learners in grade levels K-12 attending schools in the United States.
14. Bilingual= ability to use two languages
15. Generation 1.5 students= graduated highschool students who are still learning English when entering college
16. Non-English Proficient Student (NEP)= Student who does not speak much English or understand it.
17. Heritage Language= incompletely acquired versions of languages spoken at home but not spoken in the wider community
18. Comprehensible output= hypothesis states that learning takes place when a learner encounters a gap in his or her linguistic knowledge of the second language
19. Culture Shock= the feeling of disorientation experienced by someone who is suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture, way of life, or set of attitudes.
20. Parachute Kids= Children sent to a new country to live alone or with a caregiver while their parents remain in their home country.
21. Title III= is a United States federal grant program to improve education
22. L1= a person's native language
23. L2= a person's second language
24. Proxemics= The study of spatial distances between individuals in different cultures and situations
25. Dual-Language Programs= is a bilingual educational program integrating English Language Learners and English-speaking students for instruction in and through two languages
26. Sheltered English Instruction (SEI)= is an approach to teaching English language learners which integrates language and content instruction
27. Silent Period= is a stage in second language acquisition where learners do not attempt to speak
28. Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP)= provides access to mainstream, grade-level content, and promotes the development of English language proficiency
29. Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA)= ) is an instructional model that was developed to meet the academic needs of students learning English as a second language in American schools
30. Accommodation= is a change that helps a student overcome or work around a disability
31. Ancestral Language= original version of a language that was used by ancestors
32. Pullout ESL Programs= remove students from mainstream classrooms for a portion of the day in order to give them specialized instruction in English
33. Collaborative ESL Programs= the ESL teacher collaborates with general education teacher
34. Content Based ESL Instruction= is a method that integrates English-as-a-second-language instruction with subject matter instruction
35. Total Physical Response= is based on the theory that the memory is enhanced through association with physical movement
36. Language Experience Approach= is a whole language approach that promotes reading and writing through the use of personal experiences and oral language
37. Early Exit or Transitional Bilingual Programs= utilize students' native languages for the purposes of early reading instruction and clarification
38. Developmental Bilingual Educational Programs= aims to preserve and build on students' native language skills as they master English
39. Dual-Language or Immersion Programs= a form of education in which students are taught literacy and content in two languages
40. English Language Monolingual Program= students that are in a classroom who share a common mother tongue
41. English Language Monolingual plus ESL Program= students that speak English as a second language who are in a classroom full of students who share a common mother tongue
42. Self Contained ESL= ELL students are grouped together for their core subjects, but have the opportunity to interact with other students in music, art, physical education, library and lunch